What term refers to the negative outcomes that result from an action that was not anticipated?

The term that refers to the negative outcomes resulting from an action that was not anticipated is "unintended consequences." This concept is often discussed in economics and social sciences to describe outcomes that are not the direct intention of a particular action. When individuals, businesses, or policymakers make decisions, they may foresee specific results, but these actions can lead to various other consequences that were not considered, sometimes resulting in negative effects.

In this context, "unintended consequences" emphasizes the idea that despite an intention to achieve a particular outcome, the actual results can diverge significantly, leading to results that may be counterproductive or harmful. This term highlights the complexity of cause and effect in economic and social situations, reminding decision-makers to carefully evaluate potential side effects of their actions.

The other terms, while related, do not capture the essence of this concept. "Unintended benefits" suggests a positive outcome that was not planned, which is not what the question addresses. "Unplanned effects" is a broader and less commonly used term that may not specifically imply negative outcomes, while "unexpected results" lacks the nuanced implication that the outcomes were not just unforeseen but also unintended. Therefore, "unintended consequences" is the most precise and widely recognized term for